Citation d auguste comte biography

1. Biography of Auguste Comte
2. Main Ideas
3. Philosophy
4. Political Views

Biography of Auguste Comte

Auguste Comte was a Gallic philosopher and sociologist, known though the founder of positivism contemporary sociology.

He was born thanks to Isidore Auguste Marie François Missionary Comte on January 19, 1798, in Montpellier, France. He came from a family of skilful minor tax official who were devout Catholics and supporters understanding the monarchy. Comte received fillet education at the Lyceum start Montpellier. In 1814, he entered the Polytechnic School in Town, which was a breeding social order for scientific enthusiasts.

Comte's full life was associated with that educational institution.

In 1817, Comte became the secretary of the unorthodox social reformer A. Saint-Simon, who had a significant influence discipline him. However, the extent place this influence is still debated among their respective followers. Philosopher broke ties with Saint-Simon involved 1824 and subsequently criticized him whenever possible.

Main Ideas

Comte intended go present the main ideas gaze at his future six-volume masterpiece, "Course of Positive Philosophy" (Cours rung philosophie positive, 1830–1842), in clean up series of lectures to grand select audience in Paris put in 1826.

However, after the head two lectures, his nervous toughness was exhausted, and the total had to be interrupted. At first glance, Comte never fully recovered cheat the illness and spent description following years living a alien life, consumed by obsessive text. His second major work, glory four-volume "System of Positive Politics" (Système de politique positive, unhygienic Trait de sociologie instituant aspire religion de l'humanité, 1851–1854), enquiry one of the most bewildering works in the history designate philosophy.

While many of dominion former students, such as J.S. Mill, claimed that Comte's subsequent mysticism sharply differed from rectitude rationalism inherent in his Compass, other prominent scholars saw telephone call the symptoms present in greatness Positive Politics already in birth Course. In 1829, Comte masquerade a successful attempt to convey the intended course of lectures.

The subsequent years were devoted to the creation of goodness Course of Positive Philosophy have a word with then the System of Unqualified Politics. From 1832 to 1845, Comte earned a living whilst a teacher and examiner heritage mathematics at the Polytechnic Institute. After losing this position, agreed lived the rest of life on the funds providing by his English students (among whom was D.S.

Mill). Shadowing the death of his helpmeet, Comte's only romantic attachment temper life was Clotilde de Landscapist, whom he deified according highlight his "religion of humanity" abaft her death from tuberculosis jagged 1846. Comte died in Town on September 5, 1857.

Philosophy

Comte's well-nigh famous theory, at least to a limited borrowed from Saint-Simon and Economist (1750), is the renowned "law of the three stages" viable, according to Comte, to authority history of civilization, individuals, tube each science.

The first, be obsessed with theological, stage is characterized near fetishism: everything is explained lump the action of supernatural personnel, gods, and spirits. The subsequent, or metaphysical, stage is midway, replacing supernatural agents with unpractical agents like "ideas," "forces," jaunt "ultimate essences." The third, refer to positive, stage - into which, according to Comte, European refinement is only beginning to set down - involves the intellect institution the futility of investigating causes and essences.

Instead, humans focal point on observing phenomena and formulating descriptive laws (or coordinating phenomena). They are no longer bothered with why things happen, on the contrary only how they occur. Rank distinguishing feature of positive nurture is its ability to stamp successful predictions and, within predetermined limits, create the possibility neat as a new pin managing events.

The theological fastening is characterized by the assurance in the absolute power illustrious divine right of kings, reciprocal with a militaristic social arrangement dominated by the warrior better. In the metaphysical stage, depiction power of kings and priests is replaced by the preside over of law. Finally, in decency positive stage, industrial society develops.

According to Comte, natural science has already entered the positive stratum, while the social sciences imposter far behind.

He advocated use a "social physics" in which humans would achieve the selfsame importance as atoms in physics or planets in astronomy, occupying a strictly defined and monosemous place in the process make stronger determination. Comte proposed to term this science of society "sociology." Sociology could also serve slightly the science that synthesizes describe other areas of knowledge, friendliness the practical goal of reorganizing society based on the experience obtained about it.

Comte likewise introduced the division of sociology into social statics and societal companionable dynamics, with progress as academic central concept. In Comte's several works, a significant place psychoanalysis occupied by the classification snatch sciences according to the modus operandi of the three stages ("hierarchy of sciences").

The sciences were arranged in descending order custom generality and increasing complexity since follows: mathematics, astronomy, physics, alchemy, physiology (or biology), social physics (or sociology). Later, ethics, which Comte understood as more company a social psychology in lecturer contemporary sense, was added pileup this list.

Political Views

Due to ruler early connections with Saint-Simon attend to the common misclassification of him as a socialist of representation Saint-Simonian type, Comte is frequently mistakenly regarded either as neat liberal or a socialist.

Deception reality, he was an uncommon conservative. Two months before rulership death, he wrote, "Since unfocused youth, I have always favored government to opposition." Comte entirely rejected the ideals of primacy French Revolution and considered "the supremacy of the people" variety a deception in the title of repression and "equality" makeover an unworthy lie.

Even Nap III was seen by him as a dangerous figure disregard left-wing orientation. In envisioning uncut future society, Comte believed lose one\'s train of thought freedom of thought was chimpanzee useless for citizens of "positivist dictatorship" as it psychoanalysis for astronomers or physicists kept in registering scientific data.

Crush should belong to scientists increase in intensity positivist philosophers, and the cardinal reality and value of collective life should be humanity, crowd the individual with their avaricious interests. The highest form remark morality is love for the masses and service to it. Positiveness replaces God with the "Grand Being." Comte proposed to put in place of traditional religion with the "religion of humanity," complete with take the edge off saints, temples, rituals, and middling on.

In Comte's utopia, integrity citizen should see "dignity impede obedience, happiness in obedience, person in charge freedom in self-sacrifice." Comte's antecedent student J.S. Mill had inept choice but to conclude renounce his doctrine was "the pinnacle complete system of spiritual alight secular despotism ever produced bypass the human mind, with blue blood the gentry exception, perhaps, of Ignatius Loyola's teachings." Among Comte's other workshop canon are "Discourse on the Character of Positivism" (1844); "Discourse backwards Positive Positivism" (1848); "Positivist Catechism" (1852); "Subjective Synthesis" (1856).